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Banking glossary

What is net interest income?

Published September 20, 2026.

Net interest income (NII): Net interest income is what a bank earns on its assets less what it pays on its liabilities, in dollars.

How it is calculated

Total interest income less total interest expense, from Schedule RI. Because RI is cumulative through the year, a single quarter is the filed figure less the prior quarter’s.

Formula

Net interest income = total interest income - total interest expense

How to read it

This is the main line of the business for almost every bank in the country, typically three quarters or more of total revenue. It is a dollar figure, so it grows with the balance sheet: a bank can post rising net interest income and a falling margin in the same quarter, and plenty do.

The common mistake. Reading the filed number as one quarter. Schedule RI is year to date, so the third quarter filing already contains the first two.

Go deeper

See also. Net interest margin, Noninterest income, Cost of funds, Yield on earning assets.

This page is generated by _tools/seo/build_glossary.mjs and carries no figure that was typed in. See our methodology and disclaimer. Definitions are general guidance, not regulatory or investment advice.

Knowing the definition is the easy half.

The hard half is whether a given bank’s number is good for the peer group it is actually measured in. That is what the scorecard does, for every bank that files a call report, updated with every FFIEC release.

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